Strasbourg

In the midst of the fourteenth century, a grievous shadow was cast over the city of Strasbourg, marking a day of profound tragedy and a moment that would etch itself into the annals of history with the dark ink of sorrow and despair. On February 14, 1349, the city became the stage for a harrowing... Continue Reading →

The Basel Massacre

On January 9, 1349, amidst the chilling winds of medieval Europe's brutal winter, the city of Basel became the stage for a horrific event known as the Basel Massacre. As the Black Death mercilessly ravaged communities across the continent, fear and superstition took hold, leading to a violent outbreak of anti-Semitic violence. In this dark... Continue Reading →

The Destruction of Beauty

Alfred Flatow was an emblematic figure whose life journey from an Olympic gymnast to a tragic end during the Holocaust reflects both the pinnacle of athletic achievement and the darkest facets of human history. Born on October 3, 1869, in Danzig, Prussia (now Gdańsk, Poland), Alfred Flatow was introduced to gymnastics at a young age,... Continue Reading →

The Whitehall Ruling

The ruling by the Whitehall Conference regarding the return of Jews to England marks a significant moment in British history, particularly in the context of the Jewish diaspora. This event revolves around the reversal of the Edict of Expulsion issued in 1290 by King Edward I, which had led to the expulsion of Jews from... Continue Reading →

General Order 11

General Ulysses S. Grant's General Order No. 11, issued on December 17, 1862 (the second day of Hanukkah), during the American Civil War, remains a notable and controversial directive in American history. This order commanded the expulsion of all Jews from Grant's military district, encompassing areas of Tennessee, Mississippi, and Kentucky. The context for General... Continue Reading →

Aryanization

The German Decree on the Utilization of Jewish Property, issued on December 3, 1938, marked a significant escalation in the Nazi regime's systematic campaign against Jews in Germany. This decree was part of a broader set of anti-Semitic laws and regulations that emerged during the Third Reich, designed to disenfranchise and economically cripple the Jewish... Continue Reading →

The First Candle

https://open.spotify.com/episode/74WUU1b4g3UfO4xxm99UUn?si=0f2c8777f1404f26 https://anchor.fm/s/1cec3b34/podcast/play/78923879/https%3A%2F%2Fd3ctxlq1ktw2nl.cloudfront.net%2Fstaging%2F2023-10-21%2Fef837b72-5de2-3dc1-a4b5-c09af6a15067.mp3 The rededication of the Temple in Jerusalem on November 21, 164bce (25 Kislev 3597) stands as a pivotal moment in Jewish history, marking both a spiritual and military triumph. This event, deeply entwined with the Maccabean Revolt, led to the establishment of Hanukkah, a festival celebrating Jewish resilience and faith. The Maccabean Revolt (167-160bce)... Continue Reading →

Janowska

On November 19, 1943, the Janowska concentration camp, located on the outskirts of Lviv in then German-occupied Poland (now Ukraine), witnessed one of the most harrowing events of the Holocaust. This date marked the beginning of the brutal liquidation of the camp, a process that epitomized the cruelty and barbarity of the Nazi regime during... Continue Reading →

Egica’s Accusation

The Seventeenth Council of Toledo convened on November 9, 694, under the Visigothic King Egica. It was Egica's third council, and like the Sixteenth, it was primarily directed against the Jews, reflecting Egica's profound mistrust and dislike for them. Egica opened the council by claiming that Iberian Jews were conspiring with their overseas counterparts to... Continue Reading →

Balfour

The Balfour Declaration, issued on November 2, 1917, remains a pivotal document in the history of the Middle East. It has shaped geopolitical dynamics in the region for over a century and continues to resonate in discussions about Israel and Palestine today. This article delves into the background, reasons, reception, immediate effects, ultimate outcomes, and... Continue Reading →

The Munich Massacre

September 5, 1972, remains one of the darkest days in Olympic history. The Munich Olympics, designed to present a new face of a modern, post-war Germany ("The Happy Games"), became marred by an act of terrorism that would forever change the nature of international sporting events. In the early hours of September 5, eight members... Continue Reading →

If You Prick Us, Do We Not Bleed?

It's easy to forget that long before the Austrian painter from Vienna, antisemitism and pogroms were an obvious precursor to what would come later. Hatred of Jews is nothing new, nor was it something unusual in 1933. Like blaming Jews for the economic woes of the Great Depression, there was time when Europeans blamed Jews... Continue Reading →

Betrayed

I have always wondered how the person - or persons - who betrayed any Jewish persons during the Holocaust lived with themselves after the war. But for some reason, to me, the person (or persons) who betrayed the Frank family deserve a special condemnation. How they managed to sleep at night ever again is beyond... Continue Reading →

The Alhambra Decree

The Alhambra Edict, also known as the Edict of Expulsion, was issued by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile, on March 31, 1492. This edict ordered the expulsion of all Jews from the Kingdom of Spain, making it one of the most significant events in... Continue Reading →

English Pogrom

King Edward I of England issued the Edict of Expulsion on July 18, 1290, as a response to growing anti-Jewish sentiment and financial concerns. The edict resulted in the expulsion of all Jews from England, making it one of the most significant instances of forced Jewish emigration in medieval Europe. During the High Middle Ages,... Continue Reading →

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